Hub · Regions · EU & United Kingdom
EU & United Kingdom
ЕС и Великобритания · 32 countries · 99 producers · 45 sanctions entries mentioning region
World's deepest LME price-discovery and LBMA gold/silver loco-London market. Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) on steel/aluminium/cement imports, Critical Raw Materials Act benchmarks, MiCA framework for crypto-asset and tokenised commodity issuers.
Primary sources: LME · LBMA · EU Official Journal
Producers in region
99 entries from TSM producer directory (cross-referenced with company IR pages, HKEX, SEC, ASX, LSE filings). Expand a metal to see members.
Exchanges
Tracked in TSM exchange registry. Currency in region: EUR Euro · GBP Pound Sterling · CHF Swiss Franc.
- LME — London Metal Exchange (London, UK) · regulator: FCA (UK) · website
Regulators
- ESMA — European Securities and Markets Authority · primary site
- EC DG GROW — European Commission DG for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs · primary site
- FCA — UK Financial Conduct Authority · primary site
- OFSI — UK Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation · primary site
- FINMA — Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority · primary site
Key export-control regimes
Outbound restrictions issued by regulators in this region. Cross-regional matrix: /export-controls/.
- Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (steel, aluminium, cement, fertiliser, electricity, H₂) — import levy (definitive period), effective 2026-01-01 · official notice
- Critical Raw Materials Act benchmarks — regulation 2024/1252, effective 2024-05-23 · official notice
- Russian aluminium, copper, nickel (LME trading ban on new metal) — G7/UK/US co-ordinated, effective 2024-04-13 · official notice
- MiCA — Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation — EU 2023/1114, effective 2024-12-30 · official notice
- EU Forced Labour Regulation — ban on products with forced labour in supply chain — import ban (enters into force), effective 2027-12-14 · official notice
- EU 14th sanctions package — Russian nickel/copper/aluminium re-export and services restrictions — export/re-export ban + services ban, effective 2024-06-24 · official notice
- UK ban on imports of Russian-origin aluminium, copper, nickel — import ban, effective 2024-04-12 · official notice
Sanctions-issuing bodies
Daily-tracked feeds in TSM sanctions watch.
Port operators in region
4 commodity-relevant ports. Operator / parent / stake / concession dates mirror what each issuer publicly discloses (annual reports, IR pages, HKEx/NSE/SEC filings). TSM does not classify ownership — only links to the primary source for every row.
| Port | Country | Operator | Parent | Stake | Since | Until | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piraeus | Greece | Piraeus Port Authority S.A. (PPA / OLP) | COSCO Shipping Ports Ltd (CN) · HKEx 1199 | 67% | 2016 | 2052 | primary → |
| Hamburg | Germany | Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG (HHLA) | Port of Hamburg Beteiligungsgesellschaft SE (City of Hamburg 50.1% + MSC Group 49.9%) (DE) · Xetra HHFA | 90.45% | 1885 | — | primary → |
| Rotterdam | Netherlands | Multiple operators: Hutchison Ports Netherlands (ECT Delta + ECT Euromax + APMT Rotterdam); Rotterdam World Gateway (DP World 30% + CMA CGM 30% + HMM 20% + MOL 20%) | CK Hutchison Holdings / Hutchison Ports; DP World plc (HK) · HKEx 0001 / private | — | 1993 | — | primary → |
| Antwerp-Bruges | Belgium | PSA Antwerp N.V. + DP World Antwerp Gateway + MSC PSA European Terminal (MPET) | PSA International Pte Ltd / DP World plc / MSC-PSA JV (SG) | — | 1997 | — | primary → |
Primary annual-report and IR sources tracked: COSCO Shipping Ports (HKEx 1199), China Merchants Port (HKEx 144), DP World, Adani Ports (NSE ADANIPORTS), PSA International, APM Terminals (via A.P. Møller-Mærsk), Hutchison Ports (HKEx 0001 CK Hutchison).
Region on map
Open EU & United Kingdom on TSM Atlas →
Atlas centres on lat 51, lng 10, zoom 4. All 30 layers stay global; region selector is a zoom preset.